Bio notes on biochemistry (sept 1)

Biochemistry - All organisms are made of atoms -Important bonding in the human body 1 Metallic - metals bonded to other metals.These are the minerals found in the body and used throughout to assist in many bodilyfunctions. Ex: iron in our red blood cells that latch on to oxygen. 2 Covalent Bonding - non-metals are bonded with non-metals. These bonds are found in the majority of our tissues such as skin, live, bone, etc. Ex: These bonds keep our tissues from dissolving. 3 Ionic Bonding - metal and non- metal and these include many of the salts and ions found in the body. Ex: Nerve transmission requires K+and Cl- to function. - it's important to remember that all chemical bonds involve the exchange or sharing of electrons. These "bonds" store bond energy that is released as the body breaks down and digests various nutrients. This energy is Normally released as heat which in turn keeps our body temperature at a consistent 37degrees Celsius. Important Chemical Reactions in the Body 1 Combustion - is the burning of carbon based molecules in O2 to produce CO2 and H2O. This is normally occurs as the sugar glucose is combusted in the mitochondria of the cells. 2 Acid/Base - this is the common reaction found in our stomach and intestines wheee things are digested by acids and bases. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to break down nutrients, but then it is neutralized in the intestines by the base found there to produce salt and water.